Phenotyping and 16S rDNA Analysis after Biofield Treatment on Citrobacter braakii: A Urinary Pathogen

Journal: Journal of Clinical & Medical Genomics PDF  

Published: 30-Sep-15 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

DOI: 10.4172/2472-128X.1000129 ISSN: 2472-128X

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal and Snehasis Jana

Citrobacter braakii (C. braakii) is widespread in nature, mainly found in human urinary tract. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on C. braakii in lyophilized as well as revived state for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biochemical characteristics, and biotype number. Lyophilized vial of ATCC strain of C. braakii was divided into two parts, Group (Gr.) I: control and Gr. II: treated. Gr. II was further subdivided into two parts, Gr. IIA and Gr. IIB. Gr. IIA was analysed on day 10 while Gr. IIB was stored and analysed on day 159 (Study I). After retreatment on day 159, the sample (Study II) was divided into three separate tubes. First, second and third tube was analysed on day 5, 10 and 15, respectively. All experimental parameters were studied using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The 16S rDNA sequencing of lyophilized treated sample was carried out to correlate the phylogenetic relationship of C. braakii with other bacterial species. The antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration showed 39.29% and 15.63% alteration respectively in treated cells of C. braakii as compared to control. Tetracycline showed improved sensitivity pattern, i.e., from resistant to susceptible after biofield treatment, with support of decreased MIC value (>8 to ≤ 4 µg/mL) by two-fold in all the treated samples as compared to the control. Biochemical reactions also showed significant (42.42%) alteration in the treated samples with respect to the control. Biotype numbers with species were substantially changed in Gr. IIA (53131052, Citrobacter freundii complex) on day 10 and in Gr. IIB, Study I (53111052; Citrobacter amalonaticus) on day 159 as compared to the control (77365776; Citrobacter braakii). Moreover, biotype numbers with species were substantially changed in Gr. IIB, Study II after retreatment on day 5 (53111042, Citrobacter amalonaticus) and (53131052; Citrobacter freundii complex) on day 10 and 15 as compared to the control. 16S rDNA analysis showed that the identified microbe as Citrobacter freundii(GenBank Accession Number: DQ517285) with 95% identity. The nearest homolog genus-species of C. braakii was found to be Citrobacter werkmanii (Accession No. AF025373). The results suggested that biofield treatment has a significant impact on C. braakii in lyophilized as well as revived state.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and MIC values showed 39.29% and 15.63% alteration, respectively of tested antimicrobials as compared to the control strain of C. braakii. The biochemical reactions pattern showed significant (42.42%) alteration as compared to control. Moreover, the biotype numbers of biofield treated strain of C. braakii were also changed in all the treated groups as compared to control. Based on changed biotype numbers after biofield treatment, new species were identified as Citrobacter freundii complex and Citrobacter amalonaticus in treated cells with respect to control Gr. I (77365776; C. braakii). Thus, Mr. Trivedi’s unique biofield treatment could be applied as an alternative therapeutic approach against antimicrobials resistance. Molecular based 16S rDNA analysis showed that the treated lyophilized sample in this experiment was C. braakii and was converted to Citrobacter freundii (GenBank Accession Number: DQ517285) after biofield treatment. However, the nearest homolog genus-species was found to be Citrobacter werkmanii (Accession No. AF025373). Based on these results, it seems that biofield treatment could be used as alternate of existing drug therapy in future.